by Canine atopic dermatitis, commonly known as dog allergy, is a chronic and inflammatory allergic skin disease affecting many dogs. It is one of the most common skin conditions found in dogs. While environmental controls and topical therapies provide some relief, often medication is needed to control the itch and inflammation associated with atopic dermatitis in dogs. Here we discuss some of the commonly used prescription drugs for treating canine atopic dermatitis.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are one of the most effective and widely prescribed treatments for canine atopic dermatitis. They work by reducing the production of substances in the body that cause inflammation and itching. Some common corticosteroids prescribed for canine atopic dermatitis include prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone and triamcinolone. Corticosteroids are generally prescribed in tapering doses to achieve maximum benefit and allow discontinuation of use. While effective in reducing signs of allergy, long term use of corticosteroids can have side effects like increased thirst, urination and appetite. They can also suppress the immune system if used for extended periods. Thus, corticosteroids should always be used under veterinary supervision and as a short term therapy.
Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine, sold under the brand name Atopica, is an immune-modulating drug commonly prescribed for canine atopic dermatitis. It works by suppressing the immune system and decreasing the production of antibodies that trigger allergic skin inflammation. Cyclosporine has proven effective in controlling itch and inflammatory lesions in dogs with atopic dermatitis. As an immunosuppressant, potential side effects of cyclosporine include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite and increased risk of infections. Bloodwork is required periodically to monitor kidney and liver functioning when a dog is on cyclosporine therapy. Its high cost also limits its long term use in some cases. However, many dogs see excellent control of their allergy signs with cyclosporine treatment.
Antihistamines
Antihistamines help reduce itching in dogs with Canine Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Drugs by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions that causes itching. Common antihistamines prescribed include chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine and cetirizine. While not as effective as corticosteroids or cyclosporine, antihistamines are generally well tolerated with minimal side effects. They provide additional itch relief when used along with other mainline therapies. However, sedation is a potential side effect at higher doses of first generation antihistamines like chlorpheniramine. Antihistamines are usually prescribed as a long term maintenance therapy for canine atopic dermatitis.
Omega-3 and -6 Fatty Acids
Essential fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6 help modulate the inflammatory process in the body. Deficiencies in these fatty acids have been implicated in canine atopic dermatitis. Supplementation with fish oil containing EPA/DHA omega-3s and evening primrose oil containing GLA omega-6 has shown beneficial effects. Studies have found these dietary supplements helpful in reducing clinical signs and improving skin and coat condition when combined with conventional therapies. As natural supplements with good safety profiles, omega fatty acids provide multimodal relief in the management of canine atopic dermatitis. They not only help control inflammation and itch but also nourish the skin from within.
Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy
Allergen-specific immunotherapy, commonly known as allergy shots or desensitization, aims to reduce a dog’s sensitivity to environmental allergens over time through controlled administration of allergen extracts. During this treatment, tiny but gradually increasing doses of allergen extracts are injected subcutaneously on a scheduled basis. It has proven effective for some dogs, especially those with known environmental triggers like pollen or dust mites. Allergen immunotherapy can not only control current allergy symptoms but may also prevent recurrences. However, it requires a commitment of at least 3-5 years and carries a small risk of adverse reactions to injections during the buildup phase of therapy. This treatment option works best for dogs with confirmed allergies to a limited number of culprit allergens.
Herbal Medicines
Traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda have herbal formulations that are increasingly being used as an alternative or complementary treatment for canine atopic dermatitis. Some herbs showing promising results include Chinese skullcap, burdock root, licorice root, boswellia, turmeric and neem. These herbal extracts are thought to work by reducing inflammation, pruritus, and hypersensitivity associated with allergies. More research is still needed regarding their efficacy and interactions when combined with conventional drugs. However, herbal therapies provide a holistic, multi-targeted approach with fewer side effects than prescription medications for the management of canine skin allergies. Overall herbal medicines offer a natural adjunct or alternative option worth exploring under veterinary guidance
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1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
About Author - Vaagisha Singh
Vaagisha brings over three years of expertise as a content editor in the market research domain. Originally a creative writer, she discovered her passion for editing, combining her flair for writing with a meticulous eye for detail. Her ability to craft and refine compelling content makes her an invaluable asset in delivering polished and engaging write-ups. LinkedIn
